AOM-1 Parallel Connection and Protection Unit DEIF-AOM-1-Zhangzhou Fengyun Electrical Equipment Co., Ltd.

This device is a microprocessor-based integrated parallel protection controller for marine generator sets, integrating synchronous closing, generator control, and a complete set of electrical protection. It features a built-in electrically isolated three-phase measurement circuit, supporting both single-unit independent operation and multi-unit parallel operation modes, and is compatible with PLC power management systems. It includes a built-in isolated three-phase voltage and current measurement circuit, acquiring voltage, current, power, frequency, and phase signals from the generator side and bus side; simultaneously, it acquires data from diesel engine sensors (oil pressure, temperature), circuit breaker position, and external command switching quantities.

Description

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　　The AOM-1 is a microprocessor-based integrated parallel protection controller for marine generator sets from DEIF (DanKong). It integrates synchronous closing, generator control, and a complete set of electrical protection. It features a built-in electrically isolated three-phase measurement circuit and supports both single-unit independent operation and multi-unit parallel operation. It is compatible with PLC power management systems.

　　I. Core Functions of DEIF

　　1. Synchronization and Parallel Control

　　Automatic Synchronization: Detects generator and bus voltage, frequency, and phase, outputs speed governor and AVR adjustment signals, and issues a circuit breaker closing command when synchronization conditions are met; supports synchronization of synchronous motors and asynchronous generators.

　　Parallel Load Distribution: Achieves equal distribution of active and reactive loads after parallel connection; supports multiple adjustment modes including differential, fixed frequency, and fixed power (base load).

　　Circuit Breaker Management: Controls generator circuit breaker opening and closing via local panel, digital input, and Modbus remote control; supports "distribution panel manual mode" for manual synchronization adjustment, while protection functions remain active.

　　2. Complete Generator Electrical Protection

　　Reverse Power Protection 32 (Level 2 Threshold): Prevents generator power absorption by the grid.

　　Overcurrent 50/51 (Level 6), Inverse Time Overcurrent, Voltage-Dependent Overcurrent 51V

　　Overvoltage 59, Undervoltage 27; Overfrequency, Underfrequency; Overpower, Underpower; Negative Sequence Protection; Synchronous verification protection actions can be configured as alarm, trip shutdown, with event log recording.

　　3. Engine Control

　　Optional independent CPU + independent power supply engine interface board to realize diesel engine start/stop, oil pressure, and water temperature monitoring; in the event of main controller failure, the interface card independently maintains engine protection to avoid protection failure.

　　4. Communication, Logic, and Human-Machine Interface

　　I/O: Digital and analog interfaces; Modbus-RTU, interface with PLC and ship alarm monitoring system SCADA.

　　M-Logic programmable micro PLC, custom logic.

　　The LCD display unit can be mounted on the unit itself or remotely via the cabinet door, expanding to a maximum of two remote panels. The panels feature dimming and are compatible with the bridge tower operator's cab.

　　The PC software USW-3 handles parameter configuration, upload/download, and fault diagnosis.

　　II. Working Principle

　　Signal Acquisition: Built-in isolated three-phase voltage and current measurement circuits acquire voltage, current, power, frequency, and phase signals from the generator and bus sides; simultaneously acquires diesel engine sensor data (oil pressure, temperature), circuit breaker position, and external command switching signals.

　　Synchronization Logic: The CPU compares the voltage, frequency, and phase differences between the generator and bus; outputs signals to adjust the speed governor (speed/frequency) and AVR (voltage); when conditions are met, it predicts the closing time and outputs a closing signal to close the generator circuit breaker.

　　Parallel Load Regulation: After closing, the load distribution mode is switched, adjusting active power via the speed governor and reactive power via the AVR to achieve load balancing across multiple units.

　　Protection Judgment: Real-time comparison of measured values with protection settings. If limits are exceeded, alarm, trip, and shutdown commands are output according to the settings, and the event is recorded.

　　Interface Card Redundancy Mechanism: Optional engine board with built-in processor and power supply. In case of main unit hardware failure, this board continues to monitor engine protection, improving the safety of ship power supply.

　　Two Operating States:

　　Island Single-Unit Mode: No synchronization, only voltage and frequency regulation and protection;

　　Parallel Mode: Synchronous closing + load distribution + full protection.

　　III. Application Environment and Operating Parameters (DEIF)

　　Main Application Scenarios

　　Ship Main Switchboard: Control and protection of multiple diesel generator sets on cargo ships and offshore platforms;

　　Land-based emergency power stations, offshore platform generator sets;

　　In conjunction with the upper-level PLC power management system, it does not perform complete power management, focusing on the synchronization and protection of a single unit.

　　Certified by major classification societies (DNV, LR, etc.), meeting ship specifications.

　　Environmental Conditions

　　Installation Method: Embedded installation in the control cabinet door. Operating temperature: -20℃ ~ +70℃; Storage temperature: -40 ~ +85℃.

　　Vibration and shock resistance: Meets marine equipment vibration and shock standards.

　　Power supply: DC auxiliary power supply, marine DC24V.

　　Protection: Panel IP54, rear terminal block IP20.

　　IV. Typical Application Cases

　　Merchant ships: 3-4 diesel generators, each equipped with 1 AOM-1; commands are issued by the upper-level PLC power management system, and the AOM-1 completes single-unit synchronous closing, load sharing, and fault tripping.

　　Offshore platforms: Optional engine interface card ensures engine protection is not lost after the main controller fails, meeting safety requirements.

　　Ship black start: After the unit starts automatically, the AOM-1 performs synchronization, completing multi-unit grid connection.

　　DEIF AOM-1 Installation and Complete Commissioning Steps

　　Important: Operated by certified electrical personnel; open circuits are strictly prohibited on CT secondary circuits, and short circuits are strictly prohibited on PT secondary circuits; marine projects must meet classification society specifications; back up parameters before commissioning and use USW-3 software for commissioning configuration. Overall Process: Mechanical Installation → Wiring → Pre-Power-On Inspection → Power-On Self-Test → Basic Parameter Configuration → Simulation Testing → Single-Unit No-Load Commissioning → Protection Verification → Synchronous Parallel Commissioning → Load Sharing Commissioning → Joint Commissioning and Backup Delivery.

　　I. Mechanical Installation

　　Installation Method: Recessed installation with openings in the control cabinet door; opening dimensions as per the manual; panel protection IP54, rear terminals IP20; leave ventilation gaps around the unit to avoid heat buildup; keep away from strong interference sources such as contactors and frequency converters (ManualsLib).

　　Display Unit: Direct mounting on the main unit, or remote installation using a dedicated Sub-D cable, maximum cable length 3m, expandable to a maximum of 2 remote DEIF display panels.

　　Optional Boards: Insert the engine interface board and communication board (Modbus-RTU/CAN) into the corresponding slots and tighten the screws.

　　Terminal Torque: Strictly follow the torque specifications in the manual for crimping. Use lugs for multi-strand wires to prevent overheating from loose connections.

　　II. Wiring (Completed with power off)

　　1) Power Circuit

　　Operating Power Supply: DC 24V. Pay attention to the positive and negative terminals. It is recommended to use a battery-isolated power supply to avoid ripple interference. Reversing AC/DC connections is strictly prohibited (ManualsLib).

　　2) AC Measurement Circuit (Core)

　　PT Voltage Input: Generator three-phase voltage, busbar three-phase voltage; PT secondary grounding is prohibited; short circuit is prohibited; verify phase sequence.

　　CT Current Input: Generator three-phase current; CT secondary side must never be open-circuited; CT must be reliably grounded; verify polarity and phase sequence.

　　Incorrect phase sequence and polarity will directly cause synchronization failure, abnormal load sharing, and reverse power malfunction.

　　3) Control I/O Wiring

　　Digital Inputs (DI): Circuit breaker position feedback, remote closing/opening, switchboard manual mode, external start synchronization, alarm reset, etc.; some DIs support open circuit detection (M4 option) ManualsLib.

　　Relay Outputs (DO): Circuit breaker closing output, opening/tripping, alarm, non-critical load unloading; note the relay contact capacity, high-power circuits require intermediate relays.

　　Speed Controller/AVR Outputs:

　　Relay Outputs: Connects to mechanical speed controllers and relay-type AVRs.

　　Analog Outputs: 4-20mA, connects to electronic speed controllers and electronic AVRs.

　　Sensor Analog Inputs (Optional M15.6): Oil pressure, water temperature 4-20mA sensor wiring.

　　Communication Interfaces: Modbus-RTU RS485 for ship monitoring/PLC; CAN for load sharing between units.

　　Debugging Port: The USB service port on the front of the unit is used to connect a computer to run the USW-3 software. This port is only for parameter reading and writing and cannot be used for long-term communication.

　　III. Pre-Power-On Checks (Required)

　　Disconnect the generator circuit breaker; the unit should be in a stopped state.

　　Use a multimeter to check: No short circuit in DC24V; no short circuit in the PT circuit; reliable short circuit in the CT circuit with no open circuit.

　　Verify terminal wiring, phase sequence, CT polarity, and relay circuits. Confirm that the external PLC, speed controller, and AVR wiring are correct.

　　All relay output external circuits should not carry high voltage.

　　IV. Power-On and Self-Test

　　Supply DC24V power. The AOM-1 will automatically power on and perform a full-machine self-test cycle. The panel displays the version and hardware configuration. If a self-test error occurs, troubleshoot the hardware, optional boards, and wiring faults according to the text prompts. Connect the computer via USB and use the USW-3 software to read existing parameters and save factory/existing parameter backup files to prevent parameter loss.

　　Parameters can also be modified on the local panel, but a password is required to access the settings menu; the USW-3 software offers higher debugging efficiency.

　　V. Basic System Parameter Configuration

　　Core parameters are grouped through the USW-3 or panel menu:

　　System Basic Settings: Generator rated voltage, bus rated voltage, rated frequency, CT ratio, PT ratio; unit number, control mode (local/remote/distribution panel manual).

　　Governor Parameters (25xx parameter group): PID proportional, integral, derivative; relay speed control output pulse period; dead zone; distinguish between relay speed control/analog speed control output modes (ManualsLib).

　　AVR Voltage Regulation Parameters: Voltage regulation PID, droop coefficient (key to parallel reactive power distribution).

　　Synchronization parameters (Group 21xx): Maximum allowable voltage difference ΔU, maximum allowable frequency difference Δf, circuit breaker closing prediction time t-GB; black start synchronization enable and threshold; minimum allowable bus voltage (synchronization prohibited below 70% Un) fl-power.c...

　　Protection setting (according to ship specifications, generator nameplate): Overcurrent, inverse time overcurrent, overvoltage/undervoltage, overfrequency/underfrequency; reverse power 32 protection (level 2), alarm threshold, trip threshold, delay; negative sequence protection; each protection configuration action level: alarm only / alarm + trip / alarm + shutdown; set delay time fl-power.c...

　　I/O mapping and M-Logic: Configure DI, DO functions; programmable M-Logic micro PLC to implement custom logic; communication parameters: Modbus address, baud rate.

　　After all parameters are written, save them to the controller, then read and verify to confirm that the parameters have been written. VI. Static Simulation Test (Generator Not Starting)

　　Without starting the diesel engine, perform circuit verification.

　　Simulate switch input: Manually input a DI signal and observe whether the status changes on the panel and USW-3.

　　Force relay output and check the external circuit: Ensure the closing, tripping, and alarm relays operate correctly; ensure the circuit breaker secondary circuit is disconnected to prevent accidental closing.

　　Use a relay protection tester to inject simulated voltage and current into the PT and CT terminals: Check that the measured values match the injected values; verify the protection functions, confirming the alarm and tripping output actions and event log records of each protection device.

　　Communication Test: The host PLC reads the voltage, current, and power alarm points from the AOM-1 to confirm normal Modbus communication.

　　VII. Single-Unit No-Load Commissioning (Unit Start-up, Circuit Breaker Tripping)

　　Start the diesel generator, keeping the circuit breaker open.

　　Observe the AOM-1 measurements: Three-phase voltage and frequency measurements are accurate, with no phase errors.

　　Speed Control Circuit Debugging: Observe the frequency response during speed increases and decreases on the local panel; adjust the speed control PID to eliminate oscillations and ensure no speed drift.

　　AVR Voltage Regulation Debugging: Adjust the voltage output; ensure smooth generator voltage increases and decreases without oscillations; set the differential adjustment.

　　Simulate faults; test overvoltage, undervoltage, overfrequency, and underfrequency alarms in single-unit mode.

　　VIII. Synchronization and Parallel Debugging (Multi-unit Parallel Connection)

　　At least two generator units, with the busbar energized, perform a synchronization test under no-load conditions first, then with load.

　　Switch to parallel mode and start the unit to be paralleled.

　　Issue a start synchronization command (local panel/remote DI/software); the AOM-1 automatically adjusts speed and voltage; observe the voltage difference, frequency difference, and phase angle.

　　After the synchronization conditions are met, the controller outputs a closing relay signal to close the generator circuit breaker.

　　If closing fails: Check synchronization threshold parameters, PT phase sequence polarity, busbar voltage below 70% Un, and synchronization being blocked by external conditions.

　　Load Sharing Debugging (Active + Reactive Power)

　　Active Power Distribution: Speed control PID parameters; CAN load sharing bus wiring;

　　Reactive Power Distribution: AVR droop coefficient, AVR output PID; Gradually increase unit load, observe the active and reactive power balance of multiple units, ensuring deviations are within allowable ranges according to marine standards; if oscillations occur, reduce P gain and increase integral time.

　　Reverse Power Protection Load Verification: Artificially create reverse power conditions to confirm reverse power protection action, delay, and tripping logic.

　　IX. Switchboard Manual Mode Test

　　Activate "Switchboard Control" DI, AOM-1 exits automatic adjustment, and manually adjusts speed and voltage via the switchboard; all protection functions remain effective; test manual synchronous closing; tripping still occurs in case of fault, this is an important safety mode for ships (fl-power.c...).

　　10. Fault and Event Logs and Unit Debugging

　　View Event Logs (Menu 9120 Service Menu), troubleshoot synchronization failures and protection action records, and locate the problem point in fl-power.c...

　　Complete Process Test: Remote start of the unit, automatic synchronization, load testing, disconnection and tripping, fault tripping, alarm output, and host computer monitoring.

　　Optional Engine Interface Board Test: Simulate low oil pressure and high water temperature to verify independent engine protection and confirm that unit protection remains effective even in the event of a main unit failure.

　　11. Parameter Backup and Delivery

　　Use USW-3 software to read all parameters and save backup files; print key settings (protection, synchronization, PID) for archiving.

　　Record firmware version number; complete marine commissioning records; deliver operating instructions to maintenance personnel.

　　Common Debugging Faults

　　CT Polarity Reversal: Parallel reverse power malfunction, reactive power imbalance;

　　PT Phase Sequence Error: Unable to synchronize;

　　PID Gain Too High: Frequency oscillation; Too Low: Slow adjustment;

　　AVR Deceleration Setting Error: Severe parallel reactive power offset;

　　Busbar Voltage Below 70% Un: Synchronization function locked, unable to close;

　　Circuit Breaker Position Feedback DI Not Connected: Parallel logic abnormal.

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